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#1 What is a proxy server? A proxy server receives requests from clients seeking to communicate with remote servers. Then, the proxy server sends these requests on the clients' behalf to the remote servers by modifying their requests or responses. The goal of a proxy is to provide an extra layer of security or anonymity between the client requesting information and its ultimate destination. For example, proxies are used when people want to access websites that they're not allowed to access due to geo-based restrictions (such as Netflix). Proxies can also be used internally within an organization for security purposes. For example, a proxy server could be used to allow employees to access systems from home computers. In these cases, proxies are usually configured as a firewall between the internal network and the external network. #2 What is a reverse proxy? A reverse proxy is a type of server that acts as an intermediary between clients and servers. It may be used where one system has multiple services that each require different kinds of security or authentication parameters. For example, email systems often require authentication credentials so that only authorized users can send messages through the system. Therefore, instead of accepting all messages on one server, it is more secure if messages are sent directly only to the intended recipient with no further processing, outside of authentication. #3 What is an application proxy? It is a type of proxy that is used for the purpose of caching or proxying. It accomplishes this by interpreting requests and returning cached results, or it does the reverse by returning the results directly to the client. The following example shows how to use application proxies. We're going to set up a proxy server on 192.168.1.106/24 with a port of 8080 and a hostname of proxyserver1: To start the proxy server, we modify /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0: REDIRECT_PROXY="192.168.1. 106/24" HOSTNAME="proxyserver1" GATEWAY="192.168.1.1" The proxy server should be ready to accept requests by default. #4 What is SSL Proxy? SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) Proxy is a form of proxy that allows users to retrieve web content using an SSL secured port (e.g., 443) instead of the normal HTTP port (e.g., 80). This allows users to access content that they may not have the appropriate permissions to normally access without obtaining a username and password for each page they wish to view, which can become tedious and time consuming over time. To configure a web server with SSL support, the following steps should be taken: The SSL Proxy configuration for Apache is generated by running ./configure with the --with-proxy and --enable-ssl options. For example: After compiling and installing Apache, we can edit httpd.conf to add in the SSL Proxy support. Using the following format, we add in our proxy configuration: The relevant SSL Proxy directives can be found here: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy_html. cfa1e77820
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